.81 





li, J1 



A'. ■ ■% 






^^^,^'^ 










^^— -^M 



.^^^ 



^' 03^..":^; 



•^=. ^.- -^^ri^i^: 



.ik":*;!^ 



fv:«- ••«- 



4 > 




(jiass. 
Book. 



<7$ 



/ - 




!=^^=U 



MEMORIAL 



» • 



-^^^^ 




Chickamaima 



/T\emorial flssociation. 



PROCEEDINGS 



AT 



Chattanooga, Tenn., AND Crawfish Springs, Ga., 



SEPXErvlBBR lO AND 20, 1881 




PUBLISHED BY THE 

Chattanooga Army of Cumberland Reunion Entertainment Committee. 



■ 81 
.05 3 



.^^ CO|MTENTS. ^^- 

History of Natioqal Park Project 3 

Proceedings First Meeting iq Chattaqooga 5 

Address Geq. W. S. Rosecrans 5 

Address Ger]. H. V, Boyntoq 8 

Address Ex-Gov. A. S. Marks 14 

Address Geq. Heqry M, Cist, 18 

Address Hoq. W, A. Henderson 21 

Proceedings at Crawfishi Spriqgs, Ga 24 

Grand Barbecue at Crawfislq Springs 27 

Address Gov, Johq B- Gordon, of Georgia 28 

Response of Gen. W. S. Rosecrans 31 

Proceedings of ex-Coqfederate Veterans 33 

Cl^arter Cf^ickamauga Memorial Association, 39 



THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARK 

PROIECT. 



^\ VISIT of a number of Union officers to the Chickamauga 

^^ battlefield in June, 1888, led to the publication of a series 

I of letters in the Cincinnati Commercial Gazette, in which the 

suggestion was made -that the field should be secured and 

preserved, and all the lines of battle be permanently marked. 

In September following General Henry M. Cist, Secretary 
of the Society of the Army of the Cumberland, offered the fol- 
lowing resolution at the meeting of that Society in Chicago : 

"I move that a committee of five be appointed by the Chair for the purpose 
of taking the necessary steps to inaugurate a mo\ement for the purchase uf the 
ground on which the battle of Chickamauga was fought ; that monuments be 
placed thereon to mark the location of the troops that fought there, and that it 
may be preserved similar to the plan of the battlefield of Getty, burg." 

In presenting the resolution General Cist said : 

"There is no battle of the late war so little understood as Chicknmauga ; 
none so important in all its bearings and in all its results as that of Chickamauga. 
I think it is due to the Society, and to the old Army of the Cumberland, that some 
steps be taken to preserve the field of the greatest engagement fought by that army, 
if there is nothing that would make the movement an improper one, any intimation 
of which, of course, would come up belore the committee and the committee could 
then investigate and report to the Society. I, for one, would like to see a plan 
devised for the purchase, if it could be done, of this battlefield, so that it would be 
preserved for all time, and if possible, that the several positions occupied by the 
different organizations in the battle should be marked upon the field." 

The resolution was then adopted, and General Rosecrans 
appointed as members of this committee : General Henry M. Cist, 
General C. F. Manderson, General Russell A. Alger, General 
Absalom Baird, General Henry V. Boyntox. 

General Cist called his committee to meet in Washington 
F'ebruary 13, 1889. General Manderson presided. After a brief 
discussion it was agreed to ask for a conference with such Confed- 
erate veterans of Chickamauga as were in Washington, with a 
view to invite their co-operation in forming a Joint Memorial 
Battlefield Association. 



CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



This conference was held next day, in tlie room of the Senate 
Committee on Militan- Affairs. There \\ere present Generals 
RcsECRANS, Baiki), RiaxoLDS, Cist, Mandkkson and Rovnton 
and Colonel Kellogg, of the Union officers, and Cenerals Bate, 
of Tennessee; Colquitt, of Georgia; Walthall, of Mississippi; 
Wheeler, of Alabama; Wright, of Tennessee; and Colonels 
Baxkhead, of .Alabama, and Morgan, of Mississipj)i. 

The plan of preserving and marking the field of Chickamauga, 
under the auspices of a joint memorial corporation representing 
all the States that had troops there, patterned in general after the 
Gettysburg Association, was cordial]}' approved. 

Generals Cist and Colquitt were appointed a committee, 
with power to add four to their number, to prepare an act of in- 
corporation and correspond with leading officers from each State 
whose troops fought at Chickamauga, with a view of securing a 
proper list of incorporators. A number of officers on each side, 
members of either the House or the Senate, who are greatly in- 
terested in this project, were detained from the meeting b)' debates 
in which they were engaged. 

Generals Cist and Colquitt completed their sub-committee 
by adding Generals Baird, Walthall, Wheeler, Wright, 
BoYNTON and Colonel S. C. Kellogg. It was agreed that each 
side should name fifty of the leading veterans of that field and 
some civilians. North and South, who have prominently identified 
themselves with the project, as incorporators of a Joint Chick- 
amauga Memorial Association, for preserving and marking the 
battlefield. 

At a subsequent meeting a 'list of incorporators, and the 
outlines of a charter, were agreed upon, and Senator Colquitt 
was appointed to take the necessary steps to secure the incorpo- 
ration. He placed the mattter in the hands of Julius Brown, 
Esq., of Atlanta, who gave the matter prompt attention and pre- 
pared and advertised a petition for a charter which will doubtless 
be granted at the December term of the Superior Court of W'alker 
county, Georgia. 

On the 19th of September, 1889, a joint meeting of Union 
and Confederate veterans was held at the tent in Chattanooga 
erected for the meetings of the Society of the Army of the Cum- 
berland. The meeting was under the auspices of the following 
local committee : 



ORIGIN OF THE PROJECT. 



Oil Chickamanga Memorial Association. 
Adolpk S. Ochs, Chairman, W. J. Colburn, 

A. G. Sharp, H. S. Chamberlain, 

S. R. MoK, C. W. Norwood, 

J. F. ShIPP, J. B. NiCKLIN. 

On Chickamaitga Baiinxuc. 
Gordon Lek, Chairman, W. P. McClatchey, Sec'y- 

THE FIRST MEETING IN CHATTANOOGA. 

The big tent wore a pretty aspect when the immense throng- 
of old soldiers assembled there for the purpose of organizing" the 
Chickamauga Memorial Association.- 

There were the soldiers of the Blue and the Gray, the veter- 
ans of both sides, the brave men who fought beneath the stars 
and strips and those who battled under the stars and bars There 
they were, seated together side by side, all intent upon one 
great purpose, and the heart of each one swelling with love and 
good feeling for the other — all blessing the day that has bound 
together the North and the South and finally welded the hearts of 
the Blue and the Gray. 

Every one was earnest and every heart seemed to be fully in 
the matter. It was truly a movement and an assemblage that 
would cry aloud, 

" Blot out the lines that would divide 
And desecrate our sod !" 

The big tent Was handsomely decorated. Upon the center- 
pole numbers of flags hung upon which were inscriptions of vari- 
our sorts. From this pole wide bands of bunting were drooped 
in graceful festoons, and the side poles were completely covered 
with the national colors. 

From the dome on the west side of the tent swung an im- 
mense canvas sign, bearing the inscription : 

"The Government of the people, by the people and for the people, shall 
not perish from the earth." 

• On the east side of the tent was the large raised platform, 
handsomely decorated, indeed Flags and streamers were hung 
gracefully from front to rear, and draped in pretty folds round the 
stand in the front center of the platform In the exact center and 
on the right and left front corners were large pyramids of ferns, 
cactus, mosses, youpon, wysteria, smilax, etc. 



CIIICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



the 1 



The first to march into the tent were the Union Veterans, 
headed by the Fort Payne Band. The column was headed by 
General \V S Rosi ckans and General Cist. As they marched 
into the tent the crowd thronged upon the outsitlc and cheered 
lustily 

I"\)l lowing this came the Confederate Veterans, headed by the 
Fourth Unite J States Artillery l-5and, and as the)' marched under 
the vast can\as the band struck up " Dixie " In an instant a 
thousand men were on their feet waving their hats and cheering 
loud and long. Nor did those cheers come alone from those 
who revere the memory of a dead Confederacy as they would that 
of a dead mother, but from men upon whose breasts gleamed the 
badges of the arm}' of the Cumberland, and who wore the blue 
with so much honor. 

At 3 o'clock Mr. Adolph S. Ochs, on behalf of the Local 
Committee, called the meeting to order, and, on behalf of the 
people of < hattanooga, wishing a hearty God-speed to the grand 
movement, and extending a heart}' welcome both to the l^lue and 
the Gray. 

A beautiful praj'er was then offered by Rev. Dr. Hachman. 

Captain J. F". Shipp, of N. H. h\:)rrest Camp, No. 3, Confed- 
erate Veterans, put in nomination for Chairman the name of 
General W. S. Rosecrans, prefacing the nomination with several 
complimentary allusions to the General, and designating him as a 
man admired by both the Blue and the Gray. 

This nomination was greeted with much enthusiasm, and 
General Rosecrans was elected to the chairmanship by acclama- 
tion. 

Captain J. F. Shipp, General John Glynn, Jr., and General 
T. Van Derveer were appointed a committee to escort General 
Rosecrans to the chair, which the\' did amul deafening 
applause. 

• After quiet had been restored General Rosecrans spoke as 
follows : 

Address of Gen. W. S. Rosecrans. 

Ladies ami (ioitlcntoi, and Connades of the Blue and the Gray : 
This occasion is one of which you will look through history 
in vain to find a second. Today twenty-six years ago began the 
great bloody battle of Saturday, the 19th day of September, 1863, 
within twelve miles of this place, and the survivors of that battle, 



ADDRESS OF GEN. ROSECRANS. 



both Blue and Gray, and the people who today enjoy the fruits 
which grew out of that battle, are assembled together to consider 
how they shall make it a national memorial ground, which people 
of all time shall come and visit with the interest due to the great- 
ness of the events which occurred on that battle ground. One of 
the most noble features to me of this occasion is this : it is very 
difficult to find in history an instance where contending parties in 
after years meet together in perfect amity. It took great men to 
win that battle, but it takes greater men still, I will say morally 
greater, to wipe away all the ill feeling which naturally grows out 
of such a contest. [Applause.] 

To me there is another feature of peculiar interest, and that 
is that there has been no time since the war when the noble senti- 
ments of the survivors and respect felt by the people of the South 
for the men who fought and fell in their cause, could systemati- 
cally undertake to commemorate the deeds they performed and to 
keep alive their memories by the erection of monuments, without 
incurring the complaint of the newspaper press that they were 
keeping up the memories of the war and the feelings of hatred 
which ought to perish as peace returns. 

On the soil of Georgia both the Blue and the Gray can unite 
in obtaining control over the grounds, laying out the roads and 
marking sites where the men entitled, in their opinion, to special 
respect and special veneration may have monuments erected to 
their memories, where the organizations who choose to do so can 
put up monuments to the heroism displayed on those fields, with- 
out criticism and with rather the feeling of comradeship. That 
to me is a very noble thing, and I believe that the spirit which 
brings you here on this occasion, and the foundation upon which 
your views of that thing rests, conspire to produce a result very 
wonderful indeed. 

You will be told a great many things by those who will follow 
me to show how strong the foundation of our expectation is that 
we are commencing a national event at this meeting this afternoon. 

As I am c^uite unfitted for public speaking and heartily detest 
the task, I think what I have said will be enough to show to you 
how thankful I am to be with you and to be called upon to preside 
over this meeting. 

The first exercise in order will be some remarks from General 
H. V. BoYNTON, who deserves the thanks of everybody, and es- 
pecially of the comrades of the Army of the Cumberland, for 
his work in studying up this subject, and he will tell you a great 
deal more than I can about it. 

I have the pleasure to present to you General H. V. Bovnton. 

General H. V. Boynton appeared on the platform and was 
greeted with much enthu siasm. He spoke as follows : 



CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



Address of General H. V. Boynton. 

Mj' Friends : 

I have been asked to make a statement of tlie objects wliicli 
those members of the Society of the Army of the Cumberhind 
who conceived the idea of a Joint Chickamauga Memorial Asso- 
ciation have in view, the motives which actuate them, and the 
methods by which they hope to attain the desired ends. These I 
will attempt to set forth in brief form. 

Perhaps if I take a few moments in going over the path which 
led some of us to a deep interest in this project, it may suggest to 
you strong reasons in support of it. 

A year ago last summer it was my privilege to revisit Chick- 
amauga in company with my old commander, General VanDek- 
VEER. The ride was the more impressive because the day was 
Sunday. On reaching the Cloud House, on the northern bounda- 
ry of the field, there came to us from a country church near by 
the voices of solemn song. 

The last music which had fallen on our ears, as we left that 
field a quarter of a century before, was the screech, the rattle, 
and roar, and thunder of that hell of battle which had loaded the 
air with horror through all that earlier and well remembered 
Sabbath. 

In a moment, as with a flash, memory peopled those scenes 
for us with the actors of that other day. We gloried in Rose- 
CRANS, and mourned that Thomas did not still live to enjoy his 
ever increasing renown. 

We saw Baird's, and Johnson's, and Palmer's, and Rey- 
nolds' immovable lines around the Kelley Farm. We recalled 
Wood on the spurs of Snodgrass Hill, and Brannan and Grosve- 
nor, and Steedman under Granger, on the Horseshoe. 

There rolled back on the mind the unequalled fighting of that 
thin and contracted line of heroes ; and the magnificent Confed- 
erate assaults which swept in upon us time and again, and cease- 
lessly, as that service of all- the gods of war went on throughout 
those holy hours. 

Then — thinking of our Union lines alone — we said to each 
other: "This field should be a Western Gettysburg — a Chick- 
amauga memorial." 

•It was but a flash forward in thought to our present plan, and 
the proposition became — "Aye, it should be more than Gettys- 
burg, with its monuments along one side alope ; the lines of both 
armies should be equally marked." 

We went over the ground where Forrest's and Walker's 
men had marched on Saturday into the smoke of our rifles, and 
the very flame of our batteries. Again we saw their ranks melt 
as snowflakes disappear over the heat of conflagration. 

We stood on Baird's line, where Helm's brigade went to 
pieces, but not till three men out of every four — think of that ! — 




Gen, W S Rosecrans. 



ADDRESS OF GEN. BOYNTON. 



not till three men out of every four — were dead or wounded. 

We saw Longstreet's men roll in on the difficult slopes of the 
Horseshoe, dash wildly and break there, and recede, only to sweep 
on again almost with the regularity of the ocean surges, and ever 
marking a higher tide. 

We looked down again on these slopes, slippery with blood, 
and strewn thick as the leaves with all the horrible wreck of battle, 
over which, and in spite of repeated failure, these assaulting col- 
umns still formed, and reformed, and came on. 

And then, thinking of this as fighting alone— grand, awe- 
inspiring, magnificent fighting— the project of a Joint Chickamauga 
Battlefield Association was born in the mind. 

I stood silent and thought reverently of that unsurpassed 
Confederate fighting, and in my heart I thanked God that the men 
who were equal to such endeavors on the battlefield were Amer- 
icans. Behold the essentials and the essence of our project ! 

Let all the lines be marked. Let the whole unbroken history 
of such a field be carefully preserved. 

So thinking, on my return home I wrote of Chickamauga to 
the Cincinnati Commercial Ga.:;cttc, o( August 17th, thus publicly 
suggesting the scheme : 

" The survivors ot the Army of the Cumberland should awake to great pride 
in this notable field of Chckamauga. Why should it not, as well as Eastern fields, 
be marked by monuments, and its lines be accurately pre.served for history? Ihere 
was no more magnificent fighting during the war than both armies did theie. Both 
sides might well unite in preserving the field where both, in a military sense, won 
such renown " 

The idea received much and only favorable comment in the 
North. 

Gen. Cist, the Secretary of the Society of the Army of the 
Cumberland, was the first to take a practical step in the matter. 
On Chickamauga day, September 20, of last year, he introduced 
a resolution at the Chicago meeting for the appointment of a com- 
mittee to consider the question of securing and preserving the 
field, and marking all the lines upon it. Our meeting today, pre- 
paratory to formally organizing our association, is the direct out- 
growth of General Clst's resolution. 

Twenty-six years ago today the thunders of the deadliest 
battle of modern times were rolling over the low lands and re- 
echoing from the mountains which look down upon Chickamauga. 
Many great fights shook our continent and attracted the attention 
of the world as our war went on; but the splendid facts of the 
bitter, stubborn and desperate contest along the unknown stream, 
in the thick forests which lined it and on the ridges which domi- 
nated them, were, for years, almost as completely hidden from 

the public as were the armies which operated over this obscure 

and tangled field. 

But as the publication of the official records of both armies 

has progressed, and made intelligent study of the strategy and the 

fighting of Chickamauga possible, the battle has been gradually 



CHICKAMAUGA MEIVTORIAL ASSOCIATION 



unrolled before the public until it stands today where those of us 
who participated knew so well that it deserved to rank — for both 
armies — as the most stubbornly contested battle of the war. And 
not only this, but the percentaj^e of its casualty lists are found to 
exceed those of Napoleon's most noted battles, as well as those 
of all the later fields of modern ICurope. This conclusively ap- 
pears from some facts which I haxe heretofore presented in print 
in rei^ard to Chickamauga, and which are pertinent here. 

The marvel of German fighting in the great battle of Mars 
la Tour was performed by the Third Westphalian regiment. It 
suffered the heaviest loss in the German army during the Franco- 
Prussian war. It went into battle 3,000 strong, and its loss was 
49.4 per cent. There was nothing in the campaigns of which 
this formed a part which exceeded these figures, and they became 
famous throughout the German army. And yet in our war there 
were over sixty regiments whose losses exceeded this. Seventeen 
of them lost above 60 per cent. , and quite a number ranged from 
70 to 80. There were over a score of regiments on each side 
at Chickamauga whose loss e.Kceeded that of the Westphalian 
regiment. 

The battle was desperate frcMii the moment it opened till its 
close. I'or the most part the lines fought at close range, and, in 
the countless assaults, often hand to hand. On the first day there 
were no field works of any kind. On the second, Thomas was 
protected on the Kelley Farm, by such rude log works as could 
be hastily thrown together. Brennan, after the break on Sunday, 
and Steedman were without a semblance of works. The battle, in 
the main, on both sides, was dogged, stand-up fighting far within 
the limits of point-blank range. For the second day, on the Con- 
federate side, the contest was one continued series of brave and 
magnificent assaults. 

A reference to the losses on each side will show that there 
has been no exaggeration in the description of the fighting. 
RosECRANs' loss was 16,179. Tliis included 4,774 missing, of 
which a large number were killed or wounded. Bragg's losses, 
as compiled and estimated at the war records office, were 17,804. 
Thus the total loss for each arm\' was over 25 per cent, of the 
entire force of each, and it will be found to average about 33 per 
cent, on each side for the troops actually engaged. 

Long.street'.s wing of the Confederate army lost 44 per cent., 
nearly all of this on the second day, and the largest part of that 
in an hour and a half on Sunday afternoon. 

Steedman's and Brannan's divisions, which confronted a por- 
tion of Lon(;street's assault, lost, the first, 49 per cent, in four 
hours, and all these were killed or wounded but one, and the 
second an average of 38 per cent., while one brigade — VanDer- 
veer's, of Brannan — lost only a fraction less than 50 per cent. 

I^'or the entire Union army the losses ranged from these max- 



ADDRESS OF GEN BOYNTON. it 

imum figures down to 33 per cent., a terrible minimum of one in 
three. 

BusHROD Johnson's division lost 44 per cent., Patton An- 
derson's brigade, of Hindman's, 30 per cent., and most of this on 
Sunday afternoon. Bate's brigade, of Stewart's division, lost 
nearly 49 per cent. Prp:ston's division, in an hour and a half be- 
fore sunset on Sunday, lost 33 per cent., and Gracie's brigade 
nearly 35 per cent, in a single hour while assaulting Brannan's 
position on the Horseshoe. The brigade losses in Cheatham's 
division ranged from 35 to 50 per cent. The aggregate loss in 
Breckinridge's division was 33 per cent., while Helm's Kentucky 
brigade lost 75 per cent. Cleburne's loss was 43 per cent. 

These figures become the more significant when compared 
with the statement of losses of the world's noted battles. General 
Wheeler, the distinguished Confederate cavalry commander, thus 
vividly presented this question at the gathering of the Society of 
the Army of the Cumberland and Confederates at Chattanooga in 
1881 : 

" Waterloo was one of the most desperate and bloody fields chronicled in 
European history yet Wellington's casualties were less than 12 per cent his losses 
beinfj 1.432 killed and 9,528 wounded out of 90,000 men, while at Shiloh, ihe first 
great battle in which Gen. Grant was engaged, one side lost in killed and wounded 
9 740 out ot 33,000, while their opponents reported their killed and wounded at 9,616, 
making the casualties about 30 per cent. At the great battle of Wagram, Napoleon 
lost but about 5 per cent. At Wurzburg the French lost but 3^ per cent., and yet 
the army gave up the field and retreated to the Rhine At Rancour Marshal Saxe 
lost but 2.]/^ per cent At Zurich, Massena lost but 8 per cent At Lagriz Fred- 
erick lost but 6^ per cent At Malplaquet, Marlborough lost but 10 percent., and 
at Ramillies the same intrepid commander lost but 6 per cent At Contras, Henry 
of Navarre was reported as cut to pieces, yet his loss was less than 10 per cent. 
At Lodi, Napoleon lost \\i per cent At Valmy, Frederick lost but 3 per cent , 
and at the great battles of Marengo and Austerlitz. sanguinary as they were. Na- 
poleon lost an average of less than 14^ per cent. At Margenta and Solferino, in 
1859, the average loss of both armies was less than 9 per cent. At Worth, Speche- 
ran. Mars la Tour, Gravelot'e and Sedan, in 1870, the average loss was 12 per cent. 
At Linden, General Moreau lost but 4 per cent., and the Archduke John lost 7 per 
cent, in killed and wounded. Americans can scarcely call this a lively skirmish. At 
Perryville, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Atlanta, Gettysburg, Missionary Ridge, the 
Wilderness and Spotlsylvania, the loss frequently reached, ana sometimes exceeded. 
40 per cent , and the average of killed and wounded on one side or the other was 
over 30 per cent." 

And when it is considered that this degree of bitter fighting 
was persistently maintained by both sides throughout two days, 
without any defensive works deserving of the name, and for 
the most part without any at all except as the natural features ot 
the ground supplied them in part to the Union side, it is readily 
seen that there is no other field of the war which more fully illus- 
trates the indomitable courage and all the varied fighting qualities 
of the American veteran. A large number of organizations on 
both sides in that battle came out of it with a loss of every other 
man who entered it, killed or wounded. 

The assaults on the Confederate side were without parallel in 
the war. I^icKfrrr's charge at Gettysburg was a single effort. 



CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



But Longstreet's entire wing at Chickamauga assaulted time and 
again on more difficult gl'ound than the slopes of Cemetery Hill. 
There were three general assaults which each deserved to 
rank with Pickett's charge, while the Union defense of the 
Horseshoe Ridge is without parallel in the war. So thin a line 
of heroes never before successfully withstood such tremendous 
assaults. Of the whole battle, from opening to close, there was 
never truer thing written than General Hjndman's words in regard 
to his conflict with Gr.angek'.s troops: "I have never known 
Federal troops to fight so well. It is just to say, also, that I 
never saw Confederate soldiers fight better." And Kershaw, of 
LoNSTRbET's Virginia troops, who had seen all the fighting in the 
Army of Northern Virginia, said of one of the Confederate as- 
saults which Brannan repulsed : " This was one of the heaviest 
attacks of the war on a single point." 

Surely the ground of such fighting deserves to be preserved 
for pilgrimages and historic study. To illustrate the attainments 
of soldiery endeavor with which the veterans of each army distin- 
guished themselves in our war, there is no spot of fighting ground 
in which each can take a greater pride, or where each can lay 
stronger claims to victory. While the Confederates secured and 
held the field, General Rosecrans gained his objective — Chatta- 
nooga. 

Chickamauga is, then, beyond question, the most noted bat- 
tlefield of modern times when measured by the stubborn and 
undaunted fighting done upon it — a standard whose fairness there 
will be none to dispute. 

We meet here, surviving veterans of that field, ranged once 
in confronting lines, fringed with all that made war horrible or 
gilded its horrors with glory. We, who fought as iron veterans 
fight, gather here today under one flag, citizens of one country, 
to celebrate and take measures to perpetuate the memory of the 
fighting which will cause Chickamauga to take first rank among 
the battles of the world. 

So far as I understand it, this is in no sense a political move. 
Nor need it be regarded as non-partizan. Speaking for myself, I 
do not desire to be misunderstood. I yield to no man an iota of 
my convictions. They are as dear to me, and as clear to my 
mind, as when we fought for them. On the other hand, for the 
purposes which we seek here, I ask no one of the brave men who 
fought for their convictions under a different flag to yield them in 
any degree to me. These differences we do not discuss, nor do 
they properly enter into our project. 

That contemplates mainly American fighting as fighting — the 
celebrating in enduring bronze and marble the achievements of 
American manhood as illustrated in the unsurpassed pluck and 
endurance, the stubborn, desperate, and magnificent fighting per- 
formed by each side on this field of Chickamauga. 

We propose to take a very important, very necessary and 



ADDRESS OF GEN. BOYNTON. 13 



eminently practical step be}^ond the far-famed Gettysburg Memo- 
rial Association, and ascertain and permanentl}' designate all the 
lines of both armies, and set up tablets to mark the lines of ad- 
vance and the extreme points reached by each squadron, battery 
or regiment, be it Union or Confederate, and to state their strength 
and losses, to the end that the ordinary visitor and military stu- 
dent shall be able, one and all, to understand our great object 
lesson of American prowess on the field of battle. 

As to the ways and means of our project, we propose to go 
before Congress at its coming session and ask it to appropriate -a 
sufficient sum to buy the entire field from Rossville Gap to Craw- 
fish Springs, or so much thereof as the directors, when our organ- 
ization is complete, may deem expedient to secure. This purchase, 
of course, must be contingent upon the State of Georgia ceding 
jurisdiction to the Government for the sole purpose of maintaining 
a National Military Park. 

There is no intention of dispossessing the present owners and 
occupants of the field. It would be better that they should 
remain, upon conditions advantageous to themselves, to preserve 
its roads and its outlines of field and forest, and its farm houses, 
as they were at the time of the fight. But these things belong to 
the details of the project, and it will doubtless be easy to arrange 
them all so as to give general satisfaction. 

Eleven Northern and eleven Southern States had organiza- 
tions in the battle, and Kentucky, Missouri and Tennessee had 
troops on each side. The United States were represented by nine 
organizations. The General Government will without doubt ap- 
propriate liberally, as it has done for the Gettysburg field, to mark 
the positions of the Regular regiments and batteries. The pur- 
pose is to ask each State to erect monuments to mark the ground 
where its troops distinguished themselves. There must, therefore, 
be a joint management of the Park by the Government and the 
States interested, the manner of which must be left to Congress 
and those charged with working out the details of the plan. 

To our proposed Park, ending at Rossville Gap, the city of 
Chattanooga and its immediate surroundings, Lookout, Orchard 
Knob, and Missionary Ridge, properly attach themselves and en- 
large the dimensions of our scheme and make it unsurpassed and 
unsurpassable as a place for interesting pilgrimages or military 
study. Here the natural features, which for all time will clearly 
mark the lines of battle, are such that scarcely anything is needed 
except tablets to mark the position of forts and headquarters, to 
complete it as an addition to the project we are here considering. 
The roads now exist leading from Rossville to the extreme north 
point of Missionary Ridge, and from Chattanooga to all other 
points of chief interest in the noted fields- about the city. 

No words from me to you who can, with vivid memory, re- 
people the fields and the surroundings of Chattanooga with the 
battle pageants which will make them illustrious for all time, are 



14 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL AS*<OCIATION 



necessary to enforce our project, or make it clear that when once 
establislied it must excite universal and continuing interest. 

Address of Hx-Gov. A. S. Marks. 

When General BovntoN concluded his remarks ex-Go\'ernor 
Albert S. Marks, of Tennessee, was introduced and spoke as 
follows : 
Ladies and Gciitlciiicii and Old So/d/f;s UV/o ITo/r the Blue and 

t/ie Gray : 

In the name of the soldiers of the South, soldiers of the 
North, I salute you and welcome you among us — welcome you to 
the fields of Chickamauga. 

It has been a long time ago since the men of the North fronted 
the men of the South on the heady, stricken field of Chickamauga 
By a common impulse — with one mind and one heart — the men of 
the South and the men of the North have here met again today to 
unite in celebrating the twenty-sixth anniversary, and to unite in a 
testimonial to posterity, that both have a common interest and a 
common heritage in the glories of the field of Chickamauga. 

When we met before thousands of men. from Maine to Texas — 
from every State of the Union — came to Chickamauga and heard 
the long roll beat off for the last time. They died that Chickamau 
ga might live forever, and so it was twenty six years ago — in the 
blood of tens of thousands of brave m.en — Chickamauga was bap- 
tized into immortality. 

Where we stand today, then the firm earth trembled with the 
roar and crash of the great Lutzen of the civil war. That day when 
the guns were sounding and blood was running, was heard the 
Rebel yell, ringing out as clear and sharp as the bray of ten thous- 
and trumpets. Up from the field of Chickamauga it rose and rolled 
up the mountains, and now but a memory — now Jike an echo which 
has lost itself amid distant hills — it has gone forever sounding down 
the ages of history, poetry and song. From the same field today 
rises the sweet anthem of peace. It swells up and away from the 
field of Chickamauga, swells over the sentineling mountains — and 
floats away to the lakes and oceans, its sweet strains telling that the 
men of the North and of the South will learn war no more ; telling 
that the battle cloud of Chickamauga has lifted, and above that 
glorious field the bow of promise and concord is gently bending, 
telling that peace, like a sweet benediction, shall rest upon the 
land forever 

When we met here before we saw the rude, red hand of war 
work universal desolation upon the lovely plain of Chickamauga. 
Returning today we see that nature, the gentle priestess of a loving 
God, has painted out with, her sweet and beautiful colors the last 
vestige of war's desolation. We see that she has reclothed its 
naked, war- plowed fields with her verdant robe, and over them the 



ADDRESS OF EX-GOVERNOR MARKS. 15 

gentle flocks and herds roam again unvexed. We then saw its 
forests — leafeless, branchless — tossed and torn by the hurricane of 
war, but feeling her touch again they lift aloft their leafy crowns. 
Again she has made the beautiful flowers bloom and laden the air 
with their sweet perfume. She has brought the song bird back 
and again its sweet notes fill its forests with melody. Again she 
has restored the crystal waters to its streams and now they flow so 
pure and limpid they give no sign they once ran red with the blood 
of the brave. 

Since we see that the beasts of the field, the birds of the air, 
and the inanimate earth heard her gentle voice and obeyed her 
sweet influence, can we wonder that when the soldiers of the North 
and the South meet again today on the field of Chickamauga and 
look down into their hearts that there, too, they find she has paint- 
ed out every enmity, every resentment, every vestige of war, and 
deep down in the rich soil of mutual respect planted a concord and 
friendship which must endure as long as the men live who made 
the field of Chickamiuga immortal. 

Speaking for my comrades, we frankly declare that we now re- 
gret, and have always regretted, that in the fertile soil of the tremen- 
dous differences between the North and the South the horrid seeds 
of war were ever sown. All our dead are buried and all our wounds 
are healed. Our backs are to war and our faces to peace. We 
recognize the sovereignty of the constitution, of the Union. We 
esteem, respect and honor you men of the North. With you we 
have one common country — a common destiny. Still we have 
memories which are surprisingly dear to us as a people. 

We glory in the recollection that when hope was dying in the 
great Revolutionary heart our ancesters with their sabers in their 
tteth climbed King's mountain, and on its summit raised Inde- 
pendence to its feet, placed on its head the crown of political free- 
dom and put in its hand the scepter of American destiny. 

We glory in the recollection that in the second war for inde- 
pendence on the plains of New Orleans that our ancestors with their 
bayonets dug up by the roots the willow of defeat and planted the 
oak of victory so firmly that since that day the foot of a foreign 
enemy has never polluted the soil of the Union. 

We glory in the recollection that when in the fullness of time 
we came to fight out the great quarrel of North and South, which 
came to us by inheritance, fronting conditions which, in the judg 
ment of the world, made miraculous success alone possible, we 
boldly threw down the gage of battle in the face of a people among 
the most powerful, the most courageous and most warlike of all 
the peoples under the sun, and for four long years waged the un- 
equal conflict, and by our sublime courage and fortitude, in the 
the very teeth of fate, time and again moved up and stood in the 
very shadow of triumph. 

When you remember that the Confederate soldiers marched 
and fought for four years in hunger and rags, you will not be sur- 



i6 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



prised when I tell you that we, too, are drawing a pension. It is a 
pension which costs no man anything, and the man who would 
take it away from them is too low to aspire to the dignity of being 
contemptible. The pension they draw is a proud consciousness of 
sttrn duty ddne in the light the great God gave them to see and the 
undying love and reverence they bear to their dead comrades — 
their glorious dead who never heard of the lo.st cause — who never 
saw the fallen banner, for when they fell it was floating proudly 
over them — who never surrendered — who never passed under the 
yoke — but caught up from the field of their glory — now beyond 
the river — under the martial trees, 

" On fame's eternal camping ground. 
Their silent tents are spread, 
While glory guards with solemn round 
The bivouac of the dead." 

Men of the North, we stand face to face with you today. We 
will not speak to each other with forked tongues. There has been 
much babblement about whether the South was right or wrong. I 
take leave to say in this presence it is still an open question. Ac- 
complished facts put it in the power of the North to decide it. If 
the event shall prove that the fear of the people of the South was 
groundless that the people of the North meant to take away from 
them their country and their government, inherited from their 
fathers, and to rule and ruin them through the agency of an alien 
race, then it will follow that the people of the South were in the 
wrong. But as certain as the sun shines and the grass grows, if 
the time shall come, which God forbid ! that the people ot any 
one of the Southern States shall be discrowned by the North then 
the eternal verdict will be that the South was right when she struck 
in defense of the birth right ot her people 

This occasion affords me a fit opportunity to say what I think 
about your distinguished Chairman. In my judgment, in compar- 
ison with his merits, he is the most underrated of all the Federal 
generals We now have ail the evidence before us, and when we 
impartially measure him in its light we cannot fail to see that he 
is entitled to stand first among the Federal generals. 

Reviewing the summer and fall campaign of 1862 we find the 
general result was disastrous to the Federal armies. Aside from 
the repulse of Price and Van Dorn by Rosecrans at Corinth, the 
Confederate armies suffered no material reverse. 

The result of those campaigns had the effect to bring more 
than one of the foreign powers to a serious consideration of the 
question of recognizing the Confederacy. It had the further effect 
of so alarming the people of the States of the Mississippi Valley 
as to the final result of the war that they were considering whether 
the time had not come for them to surrender the Union to se 
cure the free navigation of the Mississippi. Both Governments 
were apprised of the probable action of the foreign powers. We 
now know that in the month of October, 1862, General McCler- 




Gen, Braxton Bragg 



ADDRESS OF EX-GOVERNOR MARKS. 17 

NAND went to Washington and acquainted the General Government 
with the fact that the States of the Mississippi Valley were ripe for 
a revolt, and that it would inevitably come unless that Government 
imnfiediately manifested its ability to overthrow the Confederacy. 
The Federal Government saw its danger 

To prevent the recognition of the Confederacy and the revolt 
of the States of the Mississippi Valley it determined to press a 
winter campaign from Virginia to Vicksburg. McClellan was re- 
lieved and BuRNSiDE pushed on to defeat at Fredericksburg in De- 
cember, 1862 In as many days sixty new regiments were raised 
in the States of the Mississippi Valley and pushed on to Grant 
and Sherman, and they were ordered to move on Vicksburg and 
take it. Their army was divided, Sherman to move by the river 
to Vicksburg and Grant to support him by moving on a parallel 
line. The Confederate Government, seeing the crisis, took order 
accordingly About the middle of December Forrest penetrated 
West Tennessee, and blazing like a meteor so dazed and paralyzed 
General Grant that General Sherman was left to move unsupport- 
ed to an overwhelming defeat at Vicksburg on the 25th of Decem- 
ber. 

It was on the 30th of December that Rosecrans formed his 
line in front of Mur/reesboro. Up to that hour every battle fought 
in that winter campaign to prevent the recognition of the Confeder- 
ates and to prevent the revolt of the Mississippi Valley had resulted 
in the overwhelming defeat of the Federal armies. Events had 
made Murfreesboro the hinge upon which the fortunes of the Con- 
federacy must turn That battle won by the Confederates, the 
paper blockade would be torn to tatters and the independence of 
the Confederacy assured. General Rosecrans understood far bet- 
ter than the Government at Washington the gravity of the task 
assigned him. But a few days before his march began General 
Rosecrans had given his deposition in the Buell commission case, 
in which he had said upon oath that Bragg's army, for its numbers, 
was the best army he ever saw. It was flushed with its brilliant 
victory at Perryville. He knew that in a fair field, man to man, 
the defeat of that army was impossible. His plan of battle was to 
move a heavy column upon his left, push it over Stone's river, turn 
the Confederate right, divided as it was from the Confederate left 
and center by Stone's river, and occupy Murfreesboro in the rear of 
the Confederate center, and by this manoeuver win the battle. 
While this movement was in progress Hardee, with the Confeder- 
ate left, struck his right and ground it to powder. His center 
could not gain an inch of ground, and all it could do was to hold 
its ground by the most desperate fighting. His whole right was in 
full retreat, and Hardee driving to his rear like a tempest. By all 
the rules of war the Confederates had gained the day. They had 
raised the blockade. They had won the independence of the 
South 

At this supreme moment the genius of Rosecrans struck 



I8 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 

the fatal blow to the Confedenrcy. He • immediately recalled his 
left, formed it on a line perpendicular to his center, and there he 
stood with a line of battle the like of which had never before been 
seen on land or sea, waiting for Hakdee and the Confederate left 
When at last it fronted his new line it had been cut to pieces by a 
half day's fighting. Its ammunition was spent. The men were 
worn down by a rush over two miles of fighting ground. Thtir ar- 
tillery was far in their rear. They threw themselves upon the new 
line with the fury of heroes. The struggle was terrific, but the 
genius of Rosecrans had assigned them a task impossible for men 
to perform, and so it was not written in the book of fate that the 
Confederate left should have the g'ory of crushing both the right 
and left of the Federal army on the same field. 

On that field the genius of Rosecrans turned the paper block 
ade into one of adamant and doomed the Confederates to fight on 
to the end in hunger and rags, without pay and without the appli- 
ances for war On that field his genius destroyed the Confederacy 
and re-established the Union. While on the arrow that struck us 
down we see the feather of Rosecrans. yet there is not a Confed- 
erate in the South who does not honor him for while in war he 
was our deadliest enemy, in peace he has beeii our constant, unfal- 
tering friend. 

General Rosecrans, with one voice, the soldiers of the South 
welcome you among them and salute you as first among the Federal 
generals. 

Address of Gen. Henry M. Cist. 

General Henry M, Cist, the Corresponding Secretary of the 
Society ot the Army of the Cumberland, was then called on by 
General Rosecrans, who said : 

Ladies and Gentlemen : 

I now desire to present to you General Henry M. Cist, 
who, as you have heard, is the gentleman who presented the reso- 
lution for the appointment of the committee in our Society to 
devise a plan for obtaining the battlefield of Chickamauga and 
marking the positions of the troops who fought on the same, and 
under which resolution this meeting has been brought about. We 
will be glad to hear from General Cist. 

General Cist coming forward, responded as follows : 

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen : 

After the remarks and the beautiful address which you have 
heard this afternoon I do not know that there is anything that I 



ADDRESS OF GENERAL CIST. 19 

can add or say to lend interest to this occasion. It is getting a 
little late and I will not take up much of your time. But I want 
to make a suggestion or two before we separate ; and, first, let me 
say that when I offered the resolution in the Chicago meeting of 
our Society, the outgrowth of which is this meeting held here 
today, I said for one I would like to see the battlefield of Chick- 
amauga redeemed from the every day use it is now put to — taken 
from the present owners by proper means, say by purchase — and 
made for the coming generations of American youth the Mecca 
where patriotic devotion to duty and love of our native land would 
be worshiped for all time. My idea is that the field should be 
marked as the battlefield of the war ; that it should be preserved 
as no other battlefield in history is marked : With monuments 
commemorating the heroic deeds of both of the contending armies, 
on the lines held by each on those three days in September, 1863, 
of the most terrific fighting the world ever saw. 

That was my interest in this movement at that time. I am 
glad, nay, I am more than pleased to see today that you here pres- 
ent are all in hearty accord with the spirit of that resolution, and I 
trust that every one of you may live to see the completed realiza- 
tion of that wish. 

But to carry out that resolution to a perfect success is no light 
undertaking. You must all make up your minds that there is to 
be an immense amount of very hard work done before we can see 
the full fruition of our hopes. That you may appreciate just how 
much hard work is before us let us glance for a moment at what 
has been accomplished on the battlefield of Gettysburg toward 
securing that field and marking the Federal line, showing the posi- 
tion of the several commands who helped to hold that line. The 
plan of securing the battlefield of Gettysburg was started some 
twenty-five years ago. With all the interest taken in the plan at 
the North and with all the money — aggregating in the hundreds of 
thousands of dollars — there have been only some five hundred and 
fifty acres of land secured, which leaves the greater portion of the 
country fought over outside of the land controlled by the Gettys- 
burg Association. 

In certain portions of the East it is generally supposed that 
after Gettysburg there was not very much fighting done anywhere 
"along the line." That there might have been a skirmish in the 
woods somewhere south of Chattanooga in September of 1863, 
they are willing to admit, but that a greater battle than Gettysburg 
was fought at Chickamauga they will not admit, nor do they pro- 
pose so to believe under any circumstance. 

There is no battle of the last war so important in its results or 
so pregnant with what might have worked the destruction of the 
nation as Chickamauga, and no battle is so little understood at the 
North Upon no field where Northern troops met those of the 
South in deadly conflict was there more heroic fighting, or a finer 
display of the courage and endurance of American manhood. 



chiCkamauga memorial association. 



Upon that field George H. Thc^Ks showed his staying quah'ties in 
their finest light, and with the most magnificent defensive fighting 
of the war saved the Army of the Cumberland and the life of the 
nation. One of the four causes of the failure of the Southern 
Confederacy, it has been said, was "General Thomas at Chicka- 
mauga, " 

Now, the plan proposed for our Association contemplates the 
taking of the entire field of Chickamauga, including the historic 
points on the North of Rossville Gap and McAfee Church — from 
the latter point Gordom Granger started to the assistance of Gen- 
eral Thomas — to Crawfish Springs on the south; with Chickamauga 
on the eastern boundary, where Reed's and Alexander's bridges 
cross the stream, to the Dry Valley Road on the west. This, you 
see, is a very large tract of land, and to secure it we will need the 
combined efforts of all the friends of our enterprise. I trust every 
one present will unite heartily, cordially and fully in the plan to 
carry to complete success our project and in developing it to the 
extent that there will be no such word as fail with reference to it. 

Now, one other suggestion. What I said to the gentlemen at 
our meeting held in the Military Committee room of the United 
States Senate, in Washington, at the time of our conference in 
February last. I wish to repeat to you now, and that is this : The 
plan proposed for the Chickamauga Association provides for a 
united movement, participated in by the members of both armies 
that fought in that engagement, thus differing from Gettysburg 
Association, which is confined exclusively to the one army. I 
want to impress upon you that above everything else this is to be 
borne in mind : That this movement is not intended to simply 
commemorate the old Army of the Cumberlantl, nor is it a move- 
ment started by the Society of the Army of the Cmberland for the 
purpose of bringing that Society or any individual prominently be- 
fore the public This is a movement started by the Society of the 
Army of the Cumberland on the inspiration of the moment, as it 
were, without the suggestion of any one, in which the heroes of 
both sides are asked to join and co-operate, that the plan may b^ 
fully consummated. 

There is nothing in this project of special benefit to the Society 
of the Army of the Cumberland ; nor should there be to any one 
individual. It is a plan ot general interest to the entire nation to 
mark for all time as a shrime for patriotic devotion for the future 
generations of American youth, who may be able to proudly point 
to marked positions upon the battlefield and say here my worthy 
sire shed his blood on that fateful day that the nation might live 
Here a great object lesson in the art of war, with the actual posi- 
tions held by the troops defined, together with the movements as 
made by them, can be traced by the student of history and the 
pupil in military science. 

In this movement you gentlemen of the South are not only 
asked to co-operate but you are most earnestly invited to join and 



ADDRESS OF HON. W. A. HENDERSON. 



aid to the fullest extent — by membership, by all proper influence 
you can bring to bear upon the legislatures of your Spates to ad- 
vance the enterprise by appropriations to secure the proper mark- 
ings of the positions held by the troops from your several States, 
and thus to make Chickamauga the most unique battlefield of the 
world, by showing the lines of each of the contending armies with 
monuments raised by each, marking the deeds of the heroes of 
both armies. 

And now, Mr. Chairman, with the foundation of facts as given 
to you by General Boynton, and the beautiful structure of rhetoric 
as raised thereon by Governor Marks, before you, I do not know 
that there is anything more for me to say, and, thanking you for 
your kind attention, having said this much, I will close. 

Address of Hon. W. A. Henderson. 

Hon. W. A. Henderson, of Knoxville who was observed to 
be present, was next called upon by the Chairman, and after re- 
peated calls for him he came on the platform and spoke as follows: 

Ladies and Comrades of both Annies : 

I am of the opinion that the good people of the North 
will never cease to have an interest in endeavoring to look at, and 
hear, and "sit upon" Rebel soldiers. [Laughter.] 

I recollect one time during the war I spent a summer, for my 
health, up at Elmira [Laughter] and an enterprising Northern 
man built a section of sheds, at which he made many an honest 
penny, by allowing those good people of the North a glorious 
opportunity of looking at those wild animals [Laughter] and I 
am persuaded that it is from some such sentiment that some gen- 
tlemen here in my rear (Northern officers on platform) have 
pointed me out and dragged me forth as a fair example. [Laughter.] 

However, I might say that I am proud to be selected for such 
an occasion as this. I came to listen and not to speak. I stopped 
on my way from my work in the mountains to my home in the 
hill country, to see what was being done, and hear what was being 
said in this city of Chattanooga. 

I have been impressed with thoughts and facts which the 
gentlemen who have preceded me have given to you and to me, 
and for the first time since this subject has been agitated, it has 
occurred to mc that this plan that has been inaugurated by General 
Cist was possible. It seems to me that it is now almost alive. 
The grand central thought that will carry it to success is the fact 
that he has made it a pride to both sides. I remember having 
heard a little incident that occurred during the war up at a young 
and growing city called Johnson City, in the upper end of this 
State. A young officer had gone out on a scouting expedition. 



22 CHICKAMAITGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



niks al 



He had been searching for Yanks all day long, and as you know 
they generall)' "sought" for them a great deal harder than they 
found them. [Laughter.] (^n his return from the scout he saw 
a lot of them seated at the depot over in the hollow, with their 
legs dangling ov^er the platform. He deployed around and hid 
his men in the pine bushes and thought he would gobble a few to 
take to camp like a string of fish ; but on approaching the depot 
he ascertained, to his astonishment, that there was a flag of truce 
down in the depot, so he went down and found that the occasion 
was the meeting of our Major General George B. Crittenden with 
his brother, your [turning to General Rosecrans] Colonel Eugene 
Crittenden, and they were welcoming and hugging and crying 
with each other until some one produced that old canteen which 
you all have drank out of, and they mustered up some cups, and 
some bright man proposed that a toast should be drank, and an- 
other very promptly suggested that they drink to the health of 
"the President," and they were about to do so, in loud acclaim, 
when some foolish and unwitting fellow asked "which president?" 
[Laughter]; immediately there rang out "Jeff Davis," defiantly 
replied to by "Abe Lincoln," and that occasion of merriment 
was almost wrought into an occasion of blood. Now, if our 
friend General Cist had been there and said " Boys, drink to both 
Presidents" [Laughter], that tangled knot'might have been pleas- 
antly untied. 

Now, if there is any man in the North who would like to 
carry back with him an absolute knowledge of what a Rebel 
soldier thinks of that question, representing that class which is 
the class that carried a musket and smelled gunpowder. I will tell 
you what the main body of them think on this subject. I don't 
speak for all, for in a pile of apples they aint all sound [Laughter] 
but I can tell you what, in my opinion, a backbone of the South 
thinks about this question, and you may carry it home with you 
and it will be verified. That is this: I believe it as strongly as 
anything that was ever written by St. John, that, in my opinion, 
the South, in material progress, has made more by the war than 
has the North. [Great cheering.] Some people thought the 
question of slavery was the bone of contention which brought on 
and which carried out the war. Rather in apposition than in 
opposition to what General Marks has just said, that question is 
settled now, and settled forever, and in that settlement of the 
question the South has gained more than the North. While those 
men who wore the blue were settling that question against us. in 
our teeth, I am of the opinion that they themselves did not 
know, and may not now know, how much good they were doing. 
[Applause.] 

While it is true that they set 4,000,000 of slaves free, they 
did not know so well then, as we know now, that they also set 
free four millions of the young white men of the South [Great 
applause] whose hands were bound down, chained by the preju- 



ADDRESS OF HON. W. A. HENDERSON. 23 

dicies that wc were then living under. It may have been involun- 
tarily done, but they have, for us, made it respectable to work, 
and it is this work b}' the young white men of the South, the 
mixing ot brain with muscle, which never could have been done 
by slave labor, or her cousin-german, convict labor. It is that 
which is rebuilding our temple more glorious than that which was 
originall)' constructed by King Solomon. [Applause.] 

In the providence of God this thing never could hav'e been 
done in an)' other way. It was not a question for argument. It 
was not a question for lawyers or courts. It was a question for 
the sword, and shot, and shell, and bayonet. [Turning to Gen- 
eral RosECRAN.s] You, sir, won the lawsuit, but we got the mule. 
[Great and prolonged applause and cheers.] 

This is what you can tell them when you go back to your 
homes, and you can tell them you have seen the facts of it work- 
ing now. Look around you where we now stand. What old 
soldier who was here twenty-six years ago can go without the 
greatest difficulty around this city of Chattanooga and find the 
place even where his camp stood. He is looking for a mud hole 
and he finds a palace there. He is looking for an old field, and 
he finds improvements there. You find that the rock has given 
way to the vineyard, and the thistle is gone in the presence of the 
roses. 

The young white men of the South have done this and will 
do more. They never could hav^e done it had it not been for the 
war. Now, this enterprise of yours, in attestation of this idea, I 
heartily bid God-speed. If heartily pressed it will be a success be- 
yond question. Let this Chickamauga of yours and ours be made 
eternal and holy as the Mecca of the Musselman and the Jerusalem 
of the Jew, where both sides can come and where the descendants 
of the gray and blue may look upon it with mutual pride ; where, 
as it was before stated, the coming young man may stud}' the art of 
war with the proudest battlefield before his face that, in my 
opinion, is on this round world of ours, and these coming young 
men from both sides, standing side by side on this historic place, 
will become cemented firmer and stronger as the days go by ; and 
let me give warning to my friend, the Chairman of this meeting, 
that the }'oung men of the South are watching their opportunit}', 
day by day, to show to the world liow true the Southern man is to 
the Constitution and to our flag of the stars and stripes. I am 
persuaded that the\' are watching national issues, which w ill lead 
to disrupti(m witli other countries, closer than are the men of the 
North. 

The farmers talk to each other about the fisher)' question with 
■ England, and the internal policy of F^rance, and the national ques- 
tions that are involving other countries. If a foreign government 
should break the confines of the soil of the United States, I give 
you warning to look well to your laurels that the men of the South 
don't outstrip you in the contest in devotion to our L^nion. They 



24 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



look upon this flag as their fla^^s it is their flag, because while 
this war ended as it did, we left the questions that were inv^olved in 
it behind us and have returned to our own country. You may 
trust the man of the South as he trusts you. He will be hand to 
hand with you in other questions as, when he thought he was 
right, he was bravely face to face against you. When such a time 
comes then they will stand hand to hand and side by side. God- 
speed your Chickamauga enterprise. I foretell that it will be suc- 
cessful, and we on our side will further its interests as far as it will 
be in our power to do so. 

On the 20th of September, a quorum of the incorporators 
met at Crawfish Springs, Georgia, and elected officers and author- 
ized them to accept the charter upon its being granted, and to 
proceed to act under it as the officers of the Memorial Associa- 
tion. 

The full action at that meetingf was as follows : 



CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 

(OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS ) 



Church on the Battlefield of Chickamauga, 
Crawfish Springs, Walker Co., Ga., 

September 20, 1889. 
At a joint meeting of the Veterans' Associations of the Blue 
and the Gray, held this date, as above designated, Mr. Adolph 
S. OcHS, chairman of the Local Committee on the Chickamauga 
Memorial Association, called the meeting to order and suggested 
the election of a Chairman. So ordered. 

" General Henry M. Cist was unanimously elected, and Gen- 
eral H. V. BoYNTON and Colonel T. M. McConnell appointed to 
escort him to the chair. 

On motion, Mr. Ed. T. Manning was unanimously elected 
Secretary. 

The Chairman stated the object of meeting, and in connec- 
tion therewith Mr. Adolph S. Ochs read the petition for charter 
which would be shortly granted ^ 

On motion of Mr. Ochs all members present were enrolled as 
members of the Chickamau<ya Memorial Association. 




Gen George H. Thomas. 



CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 25 



General Grosvenor spoke advocating the immediate election 
of officers. 

General Fullerton coincided in such action. 
General Grosvenor then placed in nomination for the first 
President of the Chickamauga Memorial Association General J. 
T. Wilder, of Tennessee. 

Seconded by Captain J. F. Shipp 

General Wilder was declared the unanimous choice of the 
associations present and represented 

General Wilder being present accepted the trust. 
Captain Shipp placed in nomination for Vice President Gen- 
eral Jos, Wheeler, of Alabama. 

Seconded by General H. V. Rovnton. 
General Wheeler was declared unanimously elected. 
Captain Geo. B. Guild nominated General Marcus J. 
Wright, of Washington, D. C, as Secretary, who was unani- 
mously elected 

General Grosvenor nominated General J. S P^ullerton, of 
St. Louis, Mo , who was unanimously elected Treasurer 

Secretary Manning then read the list of Directors submitted 
by the ex-Confederate Veterans' Associations : 
Alabama — General Jos. Wheeler 
Ai'ka)isas — Captain C. R. Breckinridge. 
Florida — General T. P" in ley 
North Carolina — General D. H. Hill. 
South Carolina — General PL M. Law. 
Tennessee — General Marcus J. Wright. 
Texas — General Roger Q Mills. 
Virginia — Hon. Geo D. Wise. 
Georgia — General Alfred H. Colquitt. 
Georgia — General James Lo.vgstreet. 
Kentucky — General Jos. H Lewis. 
Louisiana — General Randall L Gibson. 
Mississippi — Colonel Chas PI Hooker. 
Missouri — General P". M Cockrell. 
General Bovnton then submitted the following list of Direct- 
ors, submitted by the ex-Union officers: 

Kentiteky — Colonel G. C. Kniffen. 
Minnesota — General J. W. Bishop. 
Ohio — General Henry M. Cist. 
OJiio — General C. H Grosvenor. 



26 CHICK AM AITGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



Ohio — General Fred ^I^n Deveer. 

Tennessee — General Gates P. Thurston 

MissciD'i — General J S P^ullerton. 

Indiana — General J. J. Reynolds 

Tennessee — General J. T. Wilder. 

Illinois — General A. C. McClurg. 

L. S. Army — General A. Baird. 

U. S. Arnty — Colonel S C. Kellogg. 

Washington, D. C. — (General W. S Rosecrans. 

\Vashi)igton, D. C. — General H. W Boynton. 

On motion of Mr. H. S. Chamberlain, seconded by Colonel 
J. H. Duggan, the election of Directors. t\\'ent\'-eit^ht in number, 
as herein named, was made unanimous. 

( )n motion of General Thurston, the two officers present 
were authorized to call a meeetinij of the Board of Directors at 
such time as the)' think best and to take such other action as they 
may deem necessar)'. 

General Wilder then stated that the Superior Court would 
soon issue the charter, and if authorized he would accept the 
same. He was duly empowered. 

On motion, the associations of the Blue and the Gray then 
adjourned. 

Henry M. Cist, Chairman. 

Va) T. Manning, Secretary. 

In makini^ up the list of incorporators the selections from 
each State were made as nearly as practical in proportion to the 
troops each had in the battle. 

After the Association has been incorporated there will be an 
opportunity for all who choose of the veterans of either army, or 
of those interested in the project, whether they served in either 
army or not, to become members upon the payment of a mem- 
bership fee of $5, which is to be paid but once, no subsequent 
fees of any kind being contemplated. Tliis will entitle the sub- 
scriber to a certificate of membership and to one vote at all meet- 
ings of the Association, either in person or by proxy. 

The Union arm}' had 195 separate organizations on the field, 
of which thirty-six were batteries. The Confederate arm\' had 
274 organizations, of which fift)' \\ere batteries, and six belonged 
to the Confederate rei^ulars. These were thus divided among the 
States : 



THE GRAND BARBECUE. 27 

Union — Illinois 36, Indiana 42, Kansas 2, Kentucky 18, 
Michigan 8, Minnesota 2, Missouri 3, (^hio 56, Pennsylvania 7, 
Wisconsin 9, Tennessee 2, U. S. regulars 9. 

Confederate — Alabama 43, Arkansas 17, Florida 7, Georgia 
35, Kentucky 7, Louisiana 13, Mississippi 21, Missouri 2, North 
Carolina 4, South Carolina 18, Tennessee 68, Texas 18, Virginia 
7, Confederate regulars 6. 

Thus, eleven Union States and the regular army were repre- 
sented by troops in the battle, and all the Confederate States, 
with Kentucky and Missouri, and the regular arm\- of the Con- 
federacy. 

The Grand Barbecue at Crawfish Springs, 

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1889. 



There being no other business the meeting adjourned, and 
those present went back to the big spring where the speaking was 
to take place. 

Here the immense crowd had already assembled. There was 
not less than 10,000 people gathered about the stand, while fully 
as many more were scattered about in various quarters, walking 
or sitting in the shade of the giant trees It was estimated b}- the 
best judges that there were at least 12,000 people on the grounds. 

The stand was built alongside of the .stream that flows away 
from the giant spring, and just close enough for the creaking 
music of the old wheel and the sweet bubbling of the water as it 
passed over it to be heard distinctly. 

It was a lovely sight, and what a contrast to the time when 
the men in the Blue and those in the Gray met upon this field 
twenty-six years ago. The old spring runs just the same, but its 
waters now, as they pass on to the sea, are not dyed with blood, 
and in their cr}'stal tones they sing a sweet song of peace. 

The birds have become tame again and found their way back 
to the trees from which the}' were frightened by the roar of the 
cannon and the crack of the gun, and the long ferns, no more 
trampled under foot by the marching regiments or long lines of 
skirmishers, wave a glad welcome with their plumes of lace to the 



28 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



men who invaded this spot lon^^ears a<jo deahn^- death and de- 
struction on every liand. 

There stood the platform upon which a hero of Bkie and a 
hero of Gray were to tell of their undyint^ love and eternal friend- 
ship each for the other ; it was beautifully draped in the national 
colors. In front stood the thousands of people eager to hear what 
those great and noble men would say, and the clear running stream 
and the large green hill just beyond, formed a beautiful back- 
ground to the picture. 

After the band had played the "Star Spangled Banner," 
Governor Gordon, of Georgia, was introduced amid tremendous 
cheering, and made the address of welcome, as follows : 

Address of Governor Gordon. 

Mr. Chairnum and Fclloiv Soldiers of both Armies : 

On this anniversary morning the South salutes you with un- 
covered heads, with open arms and earnest, honest hearts. 

She cannot receive you with costly and imposing ceremonials, 
but with simplicity of speech and patriotic purpose she gladly 
greets the brave and generous of each army and of every section. 

To this renowned battleground, made memorable by your 
prowess and hallowed by American blood, she bids you welcome. 
The South congratulates the whole country that these historic 
plains, where twenty-six years ago you met in deadly sectional 
conflict, are now to become the scene and witness of your joint 
pledge of restored and enduring fraternity. She congratulates the 
Republic that here where the North and the South marshalled 
their hosts for battle, these hosts now meet in living, lasting 
brotherhood, united in the bonds of mutual respect and confidence 
— a brotherhood made better, braver and grander by mutually 
cherished and imperishable memories. 

The people of this section hail with pleasure the coming of 
all men who have borne themselves bravely on any field of duty, 
but they fling wide their open doors and greet with a thousand 
welcomes those who in war were brave, and in peace are both 
generous and just. 

True courage, always and everywhere, challenges the respect 
and homage of mankind ; but the truest and highest courage is 
that which is born of lofty convictions, and is elevated in its as- 
pirations, gentle, loving and tender. 

True courage cherishes generosity as its noblest character- 
istic, conquers prejudice and passion as its highest achievement, 
and thus brings to the victor the greatest possible glory, to the 
vanquished the least possible detriment, and to both the utmost 
possible harmony, happiness and peace. 

To you, General Rosecrans, and soldiers of the Army of the 
Cumberland, I come with a soldier's greeting on my lips, and a 
soldier's sympathy in my heart. 



ADDRESS OF GOV. GORDON. 29 

Speaking of those whom I am called to represent, I pledge 
their earnest co-operation in the sacred mission which convenes 
you, and in all things whieh pertain to the peace, welfare and 
unity of the American people. 

In their name I proclaim their eternal fealty to the American 
Constitution, which is their protecting shield ; to the American 
Republic, which is the joint work of the Father's hands, and to 
the American Union of States, from which they withdrew for 
their safety, but which, now that the causes of dissensions are 
gone, they woulci loyally and bravely defend for their future pro- 
tection. They rest in the assurance that the Union, though re- 
stored by arms, is to be preserved and made stronger and perpet- 
ual by universal amity and impartial laws. With a love for this 
whole country which no power can destroy ; with a title to its 
freedom which none will dispute ; with ancestral traditions which 
are dearer than life, we are here to unite with you in the final and 
eternal sepulture of sectional hostility. The causes which pro- 
duced alienation were long since engulfed in the vortex of revolu- 
tion beyond the power of resurrection. Let us therefore bury 
the passions which these causes evoked in a still deeper grave. 

Let us bury the foul spirit of discord so deep that no blast of 
partisan political trumpet, however wide-sounding and penetrat- 
ing, can ever wake it to service again 

Gainsay it who will, since slavery is abolished, and the Chi- 
nese wall along the line of 36° 38' is broken down, there is abso- 
lutely no legitimate barrier of separation and no cause for strife. 

Why may not the wide waves of sympathetic Continental 
patriotism roll from sea to sea, and from Maine to Texas, without 
a break or a ripple, or a single obstruction ? God speed the day 
when this truth shall command recognition throughout the Re- 
public. God speed the day when unworthy doubt shall give 
place to universal trust ; when unstinted faith in the unimpeacha- 
ble honor and patriotism of the whole American people shall be- 
come an essential passport to public station ; when he who fights 
least for party and most for country shall be proclaimed by press 
and people as the wisest statesman and the truest friend of lib- 
erty. 

At the conclusion of the Governor's address the band played 
" Dixie. " 

ResDonse of Gen. Rosecrans. 

A mighty cheer went up from that assembled throng which 
must have sent its echo far, far away, when General Rosecrans 
was introduced. The old General bowed his acknowledgments 
gracefully and, when quiet was restored, said : 

Comrades : 

How strange it seems that I am called upon by every reason 
and every sentiment to call you comrades, to call you fellow citi- 
zens. I never was in a condition to fail to do it — to call the men 



30 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



comrades who, t\\cnt)'-si.\ }'cai^^t;"o t()-da\', and at this hour, were 
in deadl)' conflict with m\' Northern soldiers over in those fields 
\onder. I see that I shall not be abl-e to reach the crowd yon- 
der ; 1 see that my voice will be as inadequate to reach this vast 
cr(n\cl as ni}' words will be to express the gratification with which 
1 return thanks to the Governor of this threat State — to this <^al- 
Jant soldier who has yiven us such a splendid welcome, and in so 
doin^" has uttered such noble, patriotic and far-reach in<;" senti- 
ments. 

Soldiers of the Arm\- of the C"umberland ! See this vast 
crowd. It greets us thr(Hi^h the (ioxernor of the State to which 
the}' lielong'. It i^reets us with all this preparation, and I pre- 
siniie this entire affair was planned and [)aid for by the ver)' men 
we used to call Confederates. [ A voice — Right \'ou are ! ] 
What does this signif\-? The eloquent orator who has just taken 
his seat spoke of the magnanimit)' of the truly brave. What 
words can express the magnanimity of the Confederate soldiers 
who fought on this battlefield twenty-six \'ears ago, against the 
soldiers of the Ami}- of the Cumberland who were here at that 
time, that great contest for life. Great souls are those who fight 
for liberty ; \\'ho sacrifice their property, their lives, and every- 
thing that man holds dear ; but greater souls, still, are they who 
continue to contest with unrelenting vigor the principles of friend- 
ship and fraternal greeting. Vour eloquent Governor .says why. 
I know not ; I am unable to answer. I .say they should frater- 
nize. We assembled to-day to carr)' out a project for making 
this a National Memorial Battlefield, a National Memorial Battle 
Park, dedicated to the bravery of the soldiers of the United 
States — I wish I had a word that would cover it — American brav- 
ery. [ Applause.] 

I believe that the work you have begun will be carried aus- 
piciously through. If it is done, .there will be no equal in these 
United States, nor w ill there be in the tide of time, fellow citi- 
zens, a record of such a thing as this grand work which we pro- 
pose to undertake, and which I have just mentioned. I know of 
nothing in history comparable to it. I know of nothing which 
would inspire the soul or fire the heart of an American soldier as 
much as to see this splendid monument to American patriotism. 

1 am sure that Governor Gorjion has so far expressed the 
feelings and sentiments of the noble soldiers of the Army of the 
Cumberland, that it is wasting words for me to undertake to gild 
fine gold, and I therefore proceed to say this: If we can carry 
out the purpose for which this assemblage has met here, we can 
make this battlefield a monument to National courage, pluck, en- 
durence and bravery We know, fellow citizens that this ground 
was watered by the blood of twenty-seven of the States of this 
Union, and I feel that it is the Union that will aid in maintaining 
this splendid memorial to the bravery of her sons. 

As an eloquent speaker said, yesterday, in the big tent at 



ADDRESS OF GEN. ROSECRANS. 31 



Chattanooga, " the project is a good one, if it don't die a-bornin'. " 
[Laughter.] Now, fellow citizens, I am sorry that I am not able 
to fittingly express the feelings I have on this occasion, nor to 
entertain you with the kind thoughts that come before my mind 
as I stand here. I am sure I have not the words, neither have I 
the voice, to appropriately do so, but I hope and pray that the 
future may see the eminent success of our fraternal undertaking. 

At the conclusion of the speaking, and after considerable 
handshaking by General Gordon and General Rosecrans, the 
crowd began to surge away and scatter over the field. 

The barbecue was given on the beautiful grounds about five 
hundred yards west of the Crawfish Springs depot. Thirty tables 
two hundred and fift)' feet in length had been arranged, making a 
total of seven thousand five hundred running feet of tables. 

Here was a great and novel sight. Perhaps ten acres of 
ground had been set apart for the spread. 

At two o'clock in the afternoon, after selections had been 
rendered by all the bands on the grounds, (jeneral Ro.secrans 
and Governor Gordon, on full blooded and magnificent horses, 
rode into the south side of the enclosure accompanied by the 
Grand Marshal and Aides. Marching around the barbecue 
grounds to the north side, the military procession formed into 
line, and the Fourth Artillerv Band struck up " Dixie." Only a 
portion of the tune could be heard, for the sound of ten thou- 
sand voices in lusty cheers drowned out the music of the famous 
Southern battle song, and amid it all were conspicuous the figures 
of the two great representatives of the North and the South, who 
sat on their horses with heads uncovered, bowing to the thou- 
sands of assembled veterans who were wild with enthusiasm. 

It was a scene. 

At this moment a courier came up and handed General 
Rosecrans a telegram containing a greeting from Indiana Volun- 
teers. The dispatch read as follows : 

Lebanon, Indiana, September 20. 
President of The Society of The Army of The Cmnbetland : 

The Tenth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry in reunion 
assembled send fraternal greetings to you, and wish you a suc- 
cessful and happy reunion. 

By order of the Regiment, P. M. Miles, President. 

The order was given to dismount, and the party, together 
with the accredited members of the Chickamauga Memorial Asso- 
ciation, took positions at the centre tables. Then the bugle 



32 CHICK AMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



sounded tlic order to cut the ^wj:)es and let in the tremendous 
crowd that stootl witliout. And }'et there was no need for liaste, 
for there was room, and plenty, for all. 

Many men, women and children pressed around the two he- 
roes of the da\'. Men embraced each other. Old \-eterans cried 
like infants as they clasped the hands of the men who had led 
the war in this section, and the sturdy old " war horses " who 
were the recipients of this heartfelt coni^ratulation could not re- 
press the moisture that involuntarily arose to their eyes. 

In a moment of intense enthusiasm the Boys in Blue and the 
Boys in Gray seized General Rosecrans and General Gordon, 
and by " force of arms " lifted them over the heads of the crowd 
and placed them on top of the barbecue table. The scene chal- 
lenged description, and all that Governor Gordon could say, was: 
"This is the most successful charcre I have ever witnessed ! " 





^^ 




"^^^iLn- 




■* 


^^^^B^BBW 


BBm^^l 


iVi^ 




;'^"- 


^W 


|.H 




--■•' 






- \^' 



Gen. James Longstreet. 



PROCEEDINGS CONFEDERATE VETERANS' ASSOCIATION. ^3 



APPENDIX. 



PROCEEDINGS CONFEDERATE VETERANS' ASSOCIATION. 



Rooms of the Confederate Veterans' Association, 
Hotel Stanton, 
Chattanooga, Tenn., September 19, 1889. 
In pursuance of a joint invitation issued by Major W. J. Col- 
burn, Chairman Executive Committee Army of the Cumberland, 
Adolph S. Ochs, Chairman Local Committee Chickamauga Na- 
tional Park Association, and Capt. J. F. Shipp, Commander N. B. 
Forrest Camp Confederate Veterans, a preliminary meeting of the 
Confederate Veterans was held, at which Captain Ship? briefly 
outlined the object of the meeting and the proposed plan of or- 
ganizing of the Chickamauga National Park Association — when 
the following credentials were filed with Captain Shipp: 

Army of Tennessee Veteran Association, Nezo Orleans — Gen- 
eral Jno. Glynn. Jr.. PI T. Manning, Jno. McCoy, Captain J. A. 
Chalaron, Lieutenant Jno. B. Ballard, R. D. Scriven, Colonel 
Fremaux, C. L. Sinclair, Captain Eugene May, Colonel Thos. H. 
Handy. 

Confederate Cavalry Association, Nciv Orleans — Dr. Y. R. 
Lemonnier, Colonel Jos. H. Duggan, Colonel Rob't W. Gillespie. 

Washington Artillery, Ainny Norihern Virginia, Neiv Ordeans 
— General Wm. J. Beham, Colonel Wm. Miller Owen. 

Tennessee State Association Confeder'ate Veterans — Captain 
Thos. F. Perkins, President, Franklin, Tenn. 

Frank Cheatham Bivonac, NasJiville, Tenn. — Colonel Thos. 
Claiborn, Major J. W. Morton, Captain Geo. B. Guild, Captain 
Pat Griffin, Wm. Allen, John Shields. 



34 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 

Confederate Wtcraii Assoaafioii, Chicago, III. — Major Geo. 
Forrester, Captain R. H. Stewart. 

Forbes Bivouac, Clarksville, Tenn. — Captain C. VV. Tyler, 
Clias. H. Bailey, Clay Stacker, Cave Johnson. 

Frierso)i Bivouac, Shelbyville, Teiui. — Hon. E. Shepard, 
H. C. Wliitesides, J- L. Burt, Dr Samuel M. Thompson. 

The J. B. Palmer Bivouac, Mnrfreesboro, Tom. — Hon. J, 
W. Sparks. 

F. K. Zollicoffer Camp, Knoxville, Tenn — Frank A. Moses, 
Chas. Ducloux 

Veteran Confederate States Cavaby Association, A^'iv Orleans. 
— Major D. A. Given. 

N. B. Forrest Camp Confederate Veterans, Chattanooga, 
Tenn. — Captain J. F. Shipp, Captain L. T. Dickinson, Captain J. 
L. McCollum, Captain M. H. Clift. Colonel T. M. McConnell. 
Judge W. L. Eakin, Colonel Tomlinson Fort. Captain Milton 
Russell, Dr. G. W. Drake. 

Upon motion of Captain Shipf, Captain Geo. H. Guild, of 
Nashville, was named for Chairman of the meeting, which motion 
was put and unanimously carried. 

Ed. T. Manning \\'as elected as secretary. 

The Chairman stated that the organization of the proposed 
Chickamauga National Park Association contemplated a President, 
Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer, and also twenty-eight 
Directors, and that it was proposed to divide the organization 
equally between the Blue and the Gray. 

It was moved by Captain Shipp that the Confederate Veterans 
here assembled name Veterans for Vice President and Secretary 
and fourteen Directors. 

Moved that General Joseph Wheeler be selected for Vice 
President, which was seconded and unanimously carried. 

Colonel Tho.s. Claiborn moved that General Marcus W. 
Wright be selected for Secretary, which was seconded and unan- 
imously carried. 

At this point of the proceedings General H. V. Bovnton, 
of the Society of the Army of the Cumberland, was invited to 
the conference. He stated that the organization of the Chicka- 
mauga Memorial Association (as above proposed) was equitable 
and satisfactory. He then gave in detail the objects and purposes 
of the Association, which was to have the Government buy the 
battlefield, which would require the purchase of about 10,000 



PROCEEDINGS CONFEDERATE VETERANS' ASSOCIATION. 35 



acres of land. General Boynton stated that the Association 
would receive the most hearty co-operation of General Rosecrans, 
General Cist and others of the Federal side, and Senators Bate, 
Gibson and Walthall and others of the Confederate side. 

Captain Shipp then moved that a committee of seven be ap- 
pointed by the Chair to meet a like committee from the Society 
of the Army of the Cumberland, and the chairman of the Local 
Memorial Committee, Adolph S. Ochs, for the purpose of agree- 
ing upon a list of Officers and a Board of Directors for the Chick- 
amauga Memorial Association, which motion prevailed. 

The Chairman appointed the following committee: 

Captain J. F. Shipp, chairman. Fourth Regiment Georgia In- 
fantry ; General John Glynn, Jr , of (Legardeur's) Orleans Grand 
Battery, La.; Colonel Jos. H. Duggan, 5th Co. Battalion Wash- 
ington Artillery, La., and A.ss't Chief Ord. Officer, Forrest's Corps ; 
Captain T. F. Perkins, of Eleventh Tennessee Cavalry ; Major 
Geo. Forester, Third Kentucky Cavalry, Morgan's Command; 
Captain Jos W. Morton, Chief of Artillery, Forrest's Command; 
J. L. McCollum, Sixth Regiment Alabama Infantry, " Raccon 
Roughs;" Captain Geo. B. Guild, Acting Adj't General Harri- 
.son's Brigade Cavalry ; Ed. T. Manni.ng, of Fourth Louisiana 
Infantry and Fenner's Louisiana Battery ; Lieutenant J. B. Bal- 
lard, Company K, Twentieth Louisiana Infantry, was also added 
to the committee. 

The Chairman requested Captain Shipp to state how far mat- 
ters had progressed in conference, by correspondence, or otherwise, 
between the Federal and Confederate Veterans' associations, 
looking to a permanent organization under a charter already ap- 
plied for in Walker county, Georgia. 

In compliance therewith Captain Shipp stated an agreement 
had been reached by which the Federal Associations were to select 
the President and Treasurer and fourteen Directors, and the Con- 
federate Associations were to nominate the Vice President and 
Secretary and an equal number of Directors. 

This arrangement was considered eminently proper and just, 
and the committee then reported the following comrades of the 
Confederate Veterans' Associations to be their choice to serve on 
the first Board of Directors to be hereafter elected by the Chck- 
amauga Memorial Association : 

For Vice President, General Joseph Wheeler. 

For Secretary, General Marcus J. Wright, 



36 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



DIRECTORS. 

From Alabama — General Joseph Wheeler. 
" Arkansas — Captain C. R. Breckinridge. 

Florida — General Jesse T. Finlev. 
" North Carolina — General David H. Hill. 

South Carolina — General E. M. Law. 
'• Tennessee — General Marcus J. Wright. 
" Texas — Hon. Roger Q. Mills. 

Virginia — Hon. Geo. D. Wise. 

Georgia — General Alfred H. Colquitt. 

Georgia — General James Longstreet. 

Kentucky — General Joseph H. Lewis. 

Louisiana — General Randall L. Gibson. 

Mississippi — Colonel CiiAS. E. Hooker. 
" Missouri — General F. M. Cockrell. 

Captain Shipp .stated all the above were duly qualified to 
.serve as they were charter members of the Chickamauga Memo- 
rial Association. 

General Rovnton approved the action as taken, and advised 
that the Society of the Army of the Cumberland would take like 
action and report their selections at the "Barbecue" at Crawfish 
Springs, on the 20th instant. 

Mr. OcHS was requested to explain the method of subscribing 
to the Chickamauga Memorial Association, which was, in sub- 
stance, that a Life Membership would be issued, on parchment 
certificate, on the payment of five dollars ($5.00) made by any 
member of either association of veterans. 

Colonel Duggan suggested that as the charter had not yet 
been passed upon by the Superior Court of Georgia, that, in his 
opinion, the joint committees could only recommend confirmator)' 
action when the incorporators were legally authorized. 

Mr. OcHS stated he was fully convinced that such a course 
would be cheerfully complied with. 

General Bovnton, in order to finally fix the matter, said he 
would offer a resolution on the 20th instant covering the recom- 
mendation from both army organizations to the incorporators of 
the Chickamauga Memorial Association, and he felt convinced it 
would be unanimously adopted. 

Captain Shipp suggested the appointment of a committee of 
an equal number of officers from the Federal and Confederate 
sides, who participated in the battle of Chickamauga, to examine 




Gen. Gordon Granger. 



PROCEEDINGS CONFEDERATE VETERANS' ASSOCIATION. 37 

the maps now being made by Major Kellogg, go over the battle- 
field and endeavor to arrive at correct information, so that every- 
thing will be in strict accordance with the facts as they existed. 

Colonel Claiborn favored the suggestion. 

On motion of Major Clift, the Chair was authorized to ap- 
point such committee at some future time, after consultation with 
General Boynton. 

Mr. OcHS here called on Captain Shipp to explain the object 
of the committee to examine Colonel Kellogg's maps of the 
battle of Chickamauga. 

The answer was from General Boynton, to the effect that the 
object of such committee was to find and determine the exact 
positions of both armies, and to record the same, by the joint 
efforts of the commands from the several States there engaged ; 
and that while Colonel Kellogg was specially charged by the 
United States Government with making that map, he had shown 
every desire to serve the Chattanooga Memorial Association in 
any manner possible. 

Captain Perkins, President of Nashville Bivouac, and Captain 
Guild invited those present, and all organizations, to join them 
at their Reunion, at Nashville, on October 3d proximo, and 
Major Forester, of the Confederate Veteran Association of 
Chicago, extended a like invitation to all comrades of the Blue 
and the Gray to visit them at Chicago, during the World's Fair 
in 1892. 

The Confederate delegates then adjourned, to assemble at N. 
B. Forrest Camp Rooms, on East Eighth street, at 2 o'clock, to 
march in a body to a joint meeting of the Blue and the Gray — 
the Chickamauga Memorial Park Association — where General 
H. V. Boynton and Governor Albert S. Marks are to deliver 
addresses. 

Geo. B. Guild, Chairman. 

P^D. T. Manning, Secretary. 



38 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



CHARTKR. 



Chickamauga Memorial Association. 



State of Georgia, ^ ^ .. .. 

,,. , lo THE Superior Court of said County. 

WALKER County, j 

The petition of 
Alahama — William H. Forney, J. T. Holt/.claw, W. C. Gates, 

Joseph Wheeler and S. M. A. Wood, 
.Arkansas — James H. Berry, Clifton R. Breckinridge, Exander 

McNair and L. H. Mangum, 
Colorado — G. C. Symes, 
District of Columbia — Absalom Baird, H. V. Boynton and W. 

S. Rosecrans, 
Florida — Wilkinson Call, Robert H. M. Davidson and Jesse J 

Finlcy, 
Georgia — Joseph M. Bro\Yn, Alfred H. Colquitt, J. B. Cum- 

mings, James Longstreet, Lafayette McLaws and E. B. Tate, 
Illinois — S D. Atkins, Lyman Bridges, A. C. McClurg, E. A. 

Otis, John M. Palmer and P. S. Post, 
Indiana — Joseph B. Dodge, W. O. Gresham, J, J. Reynolds, 

M S. Robinson. G. W. Steele and J. T. Wilder, 
Iowa — Frank Hatton and W. P. Hepburn, 
Kansas — John A Martin, 
Kentucky— C D. Bailey, M. H. Cooper, R. M. Kelly, C. G. 

Kniffin, Joseph H Lewis, Alfred Pirtle and W. J. Stone, 
Louisiana — Randall S. Gibson and Felix Robertson, 
Michigan— H. M. Dufifield and A. W. Wilber. 
Minnesota — J. W. Bishop and R. W. Johnson, 
Mississippi — Charles E Hooker, J. Bright Morgan, Jacob M. 

Sharp, J. A Smith and Pklward C. Walthall, 



CHARTER. 39 



Missouri — Joseph S. Fullerton, William Henry Hatch, Robert 
McCulloch, John S. Melton and J. H. Wade, 

New- York— C. A. Dana and A G. McCook, 

North Carolina — William R. Cox, David H. Hill, Charles W. 
McClammey and Matt W. Ransom, 

Ohio — H. M. Cist, W. F. Goodspeed, Charles H. Grosvenor, 
P. P. Lane, J. C. Mitchell, J. G. Taylor and Fred Vander- 
veer, 

Pennsylvania — William J. Palmer, John Tweedale and John G. 
Vale, 

South Carolina — Ellison Copers and E. M. Law, 

Tennessee — Frank C. Armstrong-, William B. Bate, John C. 
Brown, S. B. Moe, Adolph S. Ochs, Lucius F. Polk, Alex- 
ander P. Stewart, Gates P. Thurston and Lucius J. Wright, 

Texas — C. B. Kilgore, Roger O. Mills and William B. Sayers, 

Virginia — R. A. Brock, L M. French and George D. Wise, 

Wisconsin — H. C. Hobart and John Mitchell, 

United States Army — J. M. Brannan, H. C. Cushings, S. C. 
Kellogg, Frank G.Smith and Thomas J. Wood, respectfully 
show : 

First — That petitioners and all other persons who may be 
subscribers, as hereinafter provided, to the funds devoted to the 
preservation of the Battlefield of Chickamauga, in the county of 
Walker, and State of Georgia, ex-officio, and the Governors, 
ex-officio, of such other States as had troops engaged in the Bat- 
tle of Chickamauga, Georgia, on the eighteenth, nineteenth and 
twentieth of September, 1863, and which may comply with the 
terms of this charter, and the President and the Secretary of the 
Society of the Army of the Cumberland, ex-officio, and the Presi- 
dent and the Secretary of the Southern Historical Society of Vir- 
ginia, ex-officio, and the Secretary of War of the United States, 
ex-officio, and their successors, be corporated and made a body 
corporate and politic, under the name and style of -The Chicka- 
mauga Memorial Association. 

Second — The object of this corporation is not pecuniary gain 
to the stockholders, but is to mark and preserve the Battlefield of 
Chickamauga, on which were fought the actions of September 
eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth. Anno Domini, One Thousand 
Eight Hundred Sixty-three, together with the natural and artificial 
features, as they were at the time of said battle, by such memo- 
rial stones, tablets or monuments as a generous people may aid 



40 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 

to erect, to commemorate the ^Wor displayed by American sol- 
diers on that field. 

Third — The particular business of said Association, in order 
to accomplish its objects, and for which they desire the powers 
hereinafter applied for, is to have the power to take and to hold, 
by purchase, lease, devase, i^rant or gift, such real and personal 
property and effects, and all such portions of said Battlefield, as 
may be necessary or convenient to promote and accomplish the 
objects of its incorporation, and upon its own grounds thus ac- 
quired, and upon private grounds with the permission of such 
owners as continue to hold any portion of such field, to enclose 
and perpetuate such grounds, to keep them in repair and a state 
of preservation, to construct and maintain ways and roads, to im- 
prove and ornament the grounds and to erect and promote the 
erection, by the Association and by voluntary contributions, of 
suitable monuments and tablets. 

Fourth — Petitioners desire that the property and affairs of 
.said corporation shall be managed by a board of twenty-eight di- 
rectors, with a secretary and treasurer, and such other officers as 
they desire, all of whom shall be selected from the subscribers 
who may be members of such corporation, by a majority of the 
votes cast, each subscriber who is a member of said corporation 
to be entitled to a single vote, either in person or by proxy. 
They desire that said officers shall serve for a term of four years, 
or until their successors are elected, and that the first election 
shall be held upon said property of said corporation by those en- 
titled to vote, and that subsequent elections shall be held each 
four years thereafter during the existence of this charter, at such 
time and place as the directors may appoint. 

Fifth — They desire that said corporation shall have the power 
to issue certificates of membership, to all persons who shall de- 
sire the same who shall subscribe one or more shares to the said 
memorial fund of said corporation, the amount of a single share 
to be fixed by the board of directors, and not to exceed five dol- 
lars, and all subscribers, upon payment and receipt of such certi- 
ficates, shall be entitled to vote at all elections of said corporation. 

Sixth — They desire that the President, Directors and Treas- 
urer shall make reports on the day of each election, to be presen- 
ted to the members, and read and published, which shall be duly 
certified, and shall exhibit, fully and accurately, the receipts, ex- 
penses and expenditures of said corporation. 




Gen. Leonidas Polk, 



CHARTER. 41 



Seventh — Petioners desire to be incorporated for the term of 
twent)' years, with the privilege of renewal as often as the same 
can be done under the laws. They desire the corporation to have 
the power of suing and being sued, and to have and use a com- 
mon seal, and to have succession, and to make such by-laws as it 
wishes, binding on its own members, not inconsistent with the 
laws of this State, or of the United States, and to alter, amend 
and rescind the same at pleasure, and to have the power, as afore- 
.said, to receive, rent, lease, purchase, hold, acc}uire and operate, 
in any way that a natural person might acquire and operate the 
same, such real and personal property of all kinds as may be nec- 
essary for the legitimate purposes of said corporation. Petition- 
ers do not desire to have any capital stock, or to declare any divi- 
dends, as said corporation is not organized for pecuniar}- or per- 
sonal gain. 

P!ighth — Petitioners desire that the chief office and place of 
business of said corporation, and the place of holding its annual 
meetings, shall be upon the grounds of said corporation, in the 
State of Georgia, and county of Walker, and that it have power, 
also, to establish and remove branch offices at such other place or 
places within the United States, as b}- a vote of its directors may 
be deemed of benefit to said corporation. 

Ninth — Petitioners pray that they may be made a body cor- 
porate and politic, under the name a.s aforesaid, and with all the 
powers and privileges as aforesaid, that this petition may be re- 
corded by the clerk of the Superior Court of said county of 
Walker, and that the same may be published in the Walker 
County Messenger, a public gazette publishing the Sheriff's sale.s 
of said county, once a week for one month, and that afterwards 
the court will pass an order declaring said application granted, and 
petitioners will e\'er pray, etc. 

JULIUS L. BROWN, 

Petitioners' Attorney. 
]-'iled in office August twentieth, IcScSq. 

R. N. DICKERSON, 
Clerk Superior Court, Walker County, Georgia. 

The petition of William H. F"orney, James Wheeler, H. V. 
Boynton, W. S. Rosecrans, Alfred H. Colquitt, James Longstreet, 
Lafayette McLaws, C. A Dana, H. M. Cist and others named in 
the petition, praying to be incorporated under the name and style 
of The Chickamauga Memorial Association, came on to be heard 



42 CHICKAMAUGA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 



in open court, and upon consideration thereof, and beini;' satisfied 
that the same has been duly advertised, and that the law has been 
complied with, and no objections ha\inL;' been filed thereto, and 
beint; further satisfied that the objects of said petition are proper 
and come within the purview and intention of the code and laws 
of this State, it is ordered by the court that said petition be 
granted, and that said j)etitioners and their successors and assit^ns 
be incorporated for and during the term of twenty years, with the 
privilege of renewal at the expiration of that time, under the 
laws, and that said corporation ha\c all the rights, powers and 
pri\'i leges, as prayed for. 

In open court, this fourth da\' of December, 1889. 

JULIUS L. BROWN, 
H}- the Court. Petitioners' Attorney. 

JOHN W MADDOX, 

J. S. C, R. C. 
State of Georgia, I 
Walker County ) 

I, R. N. Dickerson, clerk of the Superior Court of said 
county, do hereb}' certify that the above and foregoing is a true 
and correct copy of the petition and order incorporating the 
Chickamauga Memorial Association as the same appears of entra- 
in the minutes of said court and of file in this office. 

Given under ni)- hand and seal of office this 1st March, 1890. 

R. X. DICKERSON, 
Clerk Superior Court Walker County, ( Georgia. 



f (iifl|amaiuia llfcmarial .^ssiutatioii 



PRESIDENT, 

JOHN r. \VllJ)I{k. jolinson Cit\'. Tcnn. 

VICE-PRESIDENT, 

J()S1-:PH WIII'lKLl^R. Wheeler's Station, Ala. 

SECRETARY, 

MARCUS J. WRKxHT, \Vasliinot,,n, 1). C. 

TREASURER, 

J. S. KULLKRTON, St. Louis, Mo. 



INCORPORATORS. 



ALABAMA. 

William 11. Forney, J. T. Holzclaw, 
W. C. Oates, Joseph Wheeler and 
S. M. A. Wood. 

ARKANSAS. 

James H. Herry, Clifton R. Hreckin- 
ridge, Evander McNair and I-. H. 
Mangum. 

COf.OUADO. 
G. C. Symes. 

I>ISTRICT OF COIil 3rBI.\. 
AJjsalom ISaird, TI. V. lioyntnii and 
W. S. Kosecrans. 

FliOniDA. 

Wilkinson Call, Robert II. M. David- 
son and Jesse J. Finley. 

GEOKCIA. 

Joseph M. Urown, Alfred H. Colquitt, 
|. H. Ciimmings James Longstreet, 
Lafayette Mcl.aws and E I!. Tate 

llililNOIS. 

S. D. Adkins, I.ytnan Bridges, A C. 
McClurg, E. A. Oiis, John M. Palmer 
and I'. S. I'ost. 

I NO! ANA. 

Joseph r.. Dodge, W. (). Gresham, j. |. 
Reynolds, M. S. Rohinsun, G \V. 
Sleel and | T. Wilder 

IOWA. 

h'rank ilalton anil \V. I'. Ilepluirn. 

KANSAS. 
Jofin A. Martin. 

KFNTIJCKY. 

C. U. HaiJey. J. C. S. Hlackburn, R. M. 
Kelly, C. G. Kniffin, Joseph H. Lewis, 
Alfreil Pirtle and W.'j. Stone. 

TiOlIISIANA. 

Randall L. Gibson and Felix kobcrlson, 
MICHIGAN. 

II. M. DuHleld and A W. Wilber. 



MINNESOTA. 

J. W Hishop and R. W. Johnson. 
MISSISSIPPI. 

Charles E Hooker, J. Bright Morgan, 
Jacob M. Sharp, J. A. Smith and 
Edward C. Walthall. 

MISSOURI. 
Joseph S Fullerton, William Henry 
Hatch, Robert McCuUoch, John S. 
Melton and W. H. Wade. 
NFAV YORK. 
C. A Dana and A. G McCook. 
NORTH CAROLINA. 
William R. Cox, David H. Hill, Charles 
W. McClammey and Matt W. Ransom. 
OHIO. 
H. M Cist, W. Goodspeed, Charles H. 
Grosvenor, P. P. Lane, J. C Mitchell, 
J. G. Taylor and Kerd. Vandeveer. 
PEXNSYIiVAN lA. 
William J. Palmer, [ohn Tweedale and 
John (; Vale. 

SOITH CAIIOLIIVA, 
Ellison Copers and E. M. Law. 

TFNNFSSt:E. 
Frank C. Armstrong, William P>. Bate, 
John C. Brown, S. B Moe, Adolph S. 
Ochs, Lucius E. Polk, Alexander P. 
Stewart, Gates P. Thurston and Mar- 
cus J. Wright. 

TEXAS. 
C. P. Kilgore, Roger (J. Mills and 
William B. Sayers. 

VIHfilNIA. 
R A. Brock, L M. I'rench and George 
D. Wise 

WISCONSIN. 
II. C. Hobart and John Mitchell. 

UNITKU STATES ARMY. 
I M. Brannan, H. C. Cushings, S. C. 
Kellogg, Frank (!. Smith and Thomas 
L Wood 



-"i^j! *& '1 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 






013 705 505 3 



^\ I 1 









•"**!_ - ^ ' 






M. 



^M ^r ^^ 



:?^-^^^ 






^ /w 



